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There are 2 Sets of MCQs available for Hindu Adoptions And Maintenance Act, 1956, you are advised to explore all the sets :
1. A wife can live separately and still claim maintenance if husband:
a. Is poor
b. Deserts her without reasonable cause
c. Lives abroad
d. Is unemployed
2. Cruelty as a ground for separate residence requires:
a. Physical injury only
b. Mental cruelty only
c. Reasonable apprehension of harm
d. Police complaint
3. A wife is entitled to separate residence if husband:
a. Has a friend
b. Has another wife living
c. Is unemployed
d. Is ill
4. Keeping a concubine by husband:
a. Has no effect
b. Bars maintenance
c. Entitles wife to separate residence and maintenance
d. Requires court permission
5. Wife can claim separate residence if husband:
a. Changes job
b. Converts to another religion
c. Moves city
d. Becomes poor
6. Which of the following is a general ground for separate residence?
a. Financial difficulty
b. Any just cause
c. Husband’s illness
d. Wife’s choice
7. A wife loses right to maintenance if she:
a. Is unemployed
b. Is unchaste
c. Lives separately
d. Has no children
8. A wife is not entitled to maintenance if she:
a. Is living separately
b. Converts to another religion
c. Files a case
d. Is educated
9. Under Section 19, a widowed daughter-in-law is entitled to maintenance from:
a. Her brother-in-law
b. Her father-in-law
c. Court
d. State
10. Maintenance by father-in-law is subject to:
a. His willingness
b. Court order only
c. Daughter-in-law’s inability to maintain herself
d. Approval of relatives
11. A widowed daughter-in-law must first seek maintenance from:
a. Father-in-law only
b. Husband’s estate or her own sources
c. Neighbour’s
d. Government
12. She is entitled to maintenance from father-in-law if she cannot maintain herself from:
a. Own earnings or property
b. Husband’s estate
c. Parents or children
d. All of the above
13. Obligation of father-in-law depends on:
a. His consent
b. His means from coparcenary property
c. Court order
d. Wife’s conduct
14. Maintenance cannot be enforced if father-in-law:
a. Refuses
b. Has no means from coparcenary property
c. Is old
d. Lives separately
15. The obligation of father-in-law ceases when:
a. Daughter-in-law becomes rich
b. Daughter-in-law remarries
c. Father-in-law dies
d. Court orders
16. Maintenance under Section 19 is:
a. Absolute
b. Conditional
c. Discretionary
d. Temporary only
17. A widowed daughter-in-law can claim maintenance from her children:
a. Never
b. Only if she has no property
c. Only if father-in-law refuses
d. Always
18. Section 19 primarily deals with:
a. Maintenance of wife
b. Maintenance of widowed daughter-in-law
c. Maintenance of children
d. Guardianship
19. Under Section 20(1), a Hindu is bound to maintain:
a. Only legitimate children
b. Only parents
c. Children (legitimate or illegitimate) and aged or infirm parents
d. Only sons
20. The obligation to maintain children exists:
a. After death
b. During lifetime
c. Only after court order
d. Only after retirement
21. A child can claim maintenance from parents:
a. Throughout life
b. Till marriage
c. So long as the child is a minor
d. Till employment
22. Maintenance can be claimed by:
a. Only legitimate children
b. Only illegitimate children
c. Both legitimate and illegitimate children
d. Only adopted children
23. Obligation to maintain aged parents arises when:
a. Parents demand
b. Parents are rich
c. Parents are unable to maintain themselves
d. Parents live separately
24. A Hindu must maintain an unmarried daughter:
a. Always
b. Only if she is minor
c. If she is unable to maintain herself
d. Only after marriage
25. Maintenance obligation towards parents is:
a. Absolute
b. Conditional on their inability to maintain themselves
c. Optional
d. Court dependent
26. The term “parent” includes:
a. Only biological parents
b. Adoptive parents only
c. Childless step-mother
d. Guardians
27. Maintenance of illegitimate children is:
a. Not recognized
b. Recognized under Section 20
c. Allowed only by court
d. Optional
28. Section 20 primarily deals with:
a. Maintenance of wife
b. Maintenance of widowed daughter-in-law
c. Maintenance of children and aged parents
d. Guardianship
29. Under Section 21, “dependants” refers to:
a. Only legal heirs
b. Relatives of the deceased specified in the section
c. Only spouse and children
d. Only parents
30. Which of the following is a dependant?
a. Brother
b. Sister
c. Father
d. Cousin
31. Widow is a dependant:
a. Always
b. Only if she remarries
c. So long as she does not remarry
d. Only for 1 year
32. A son is a dependant:
a. Always
b. Only if married
c. Only if minor and unable to maintain himself
d. Only if adopted
33. A great-grandson is a dependant if:
a. Always
b. Only if major
c. Minor and unable to obtain maintenance from specified estates
d. Only if adopted
34. An unmarried daughter is a dependant:
a. Always
b. Only if married
c. So long as she remains unmarried and unable to maintain herself
d. Only till 18 years
35. A widowed daughter is a dependant if she is unable to obtain maintenance from:
a. Husband’s estate or children or father-in-law’s estate
b. Only her parents
c. Only court
d. Only government
36. Widow of a son is a dependant:
a. Always
b. Only if she remarries
c. So long as she does not remarry and cannot maintain herself
d. Never
37. Minor illegitimate son is a dependant:
a. Never
b. Only if adopted
c. So long as he remains a minor
d. Only if legitimate
38. Illegitimate daughter is a dependant:
a. Only if married
b. So long as she remains unmarried
c. Only till 18 years
d. Never
39. Under Section 22(1), who is bound to maintain dependants of a deceased Hindu?
a. State
b. Court
c. Heirs of the deceased
d. Neighbour’s
40. Maintenance of dependants is to be provided out of:
a. Personal income of heirs
b. Estate inherited from the deceased
c. Government funds
d. Charity
41. A dependant who has not received any share in the estate:
a. Has no right
b. Can claim maintenance from heirs
c. Can only approach court
d. Can claim from government
42. The right of maintenance under Section 22(2) arises when:
a. Dependant inherits property
b. Dependant gets full share
c. Dependant gets no share in estate
d. Dependant is minor only
43. Liability of heirs to maintain dependants is:
a. Equal among all heirs
b. Based on age
c. Proportional to value of share inherited
d. Fixed by court only
44. A person who is himself a dependant:
a. Must always contribute
b. Is never liable
c. Is not liable if his share is insufficient
d. Is liable equally
45. Contribution by a dependant-heir is avoided if:
a. He refuses
b. His share would fall below maintenance entitlement
c. Court exempts
d. Others agree
46. Section 22 applies to:
a. Only sons
b. Only daughters
c. All heirs inheriting estate
d. Only male heirs
47. Maintenance under Section 22 is:
a. Absolute
b. Conditional on inheritance
c. Optional
d. Only moral duty
48. Which of the following is correct?
a. All heirs pay equally
b. Liability depends on estate share
c. Only eldest heir is liable
d. Only sons are liable
49. Under Section 23(1), determination of maintenance amount is:
a. Fixed by statute
b. At discretion of court
c. Decided by parties
d. Fixed by government
50. While fixing maintenance, the court shall consider:
a. Only income of respondent
b. Only status of parties
c. Factors in sub-sections (2) and (3)
d. Only claimant’s demand
51. For wife/children/parents, the court considers:
a. Criminal history
b. Position and status of parties
c. Religion
d. Education only
52. Reasonable wants of claimant are:
a. Ignored
b. Mandatory consideration
c. Optional
d. Irrelevant
53. If claimant lives separately, court examines:
a. Financial status only
b. Justification for separate living
c. Social status only
d. Age only
54. Court considers claimant’s own income:
a. Never
b. Only in rare cases
c. Always as a relevant factor
d. Only for parents
55. Number of persons entitled to maintenance:
a. Is irrelevant
b. Must be considered
c. Considered only in appeal
d. Considered only for dependants
56. For dependants, court considers:
a. Gross estate only
b. Net value of estate after debts
c. Only movable property
d. Only immovable property
57. Degree of relationship between dependant and deceased:
a. Is irrelevant
b. Must be considered
c. Considered only by consent
d. Considered only for sons
58. Past relations between dependant and deceased:
a. Are irrelevant
b. Are considered in determining maintenance
c. Considered only in criminal cases
d. Considered only if written
59. Under Section 24, a claimant must be:
a. A citizen of India
b. A Hindu
c. A major
d. A married person
60. A person who has converted to another religion:
a. Can claim maintenance
b. Can claim only partial maintenance
c. Cannot claim maintenance under this Chapter
d. Can claim with court permission
61. Section 24 bars maintenance if the claimant:
a. Is minor
b. Is unmarried
c. Ceases to be a Hindu by conversion
d. Has no property
62. Conversion affecting maintenance claim is:
a. Temporary bar
b. Permanent disqualification under this Chapter
c. Applicable only to wives
d. Applicable only to dependants
63. Section 24 applies to:
a. Only wives
b. Only children
c. All claimants under this Chapter
d. Only parents
64. Under Section 25, maintenance amount may be altered:
a. Never
b. Only once
c. On change of circumstances
d. Only by agreement
65. Alteration of maintenance is permitted when:
a. Minor change occurs
b. Material change in circumstances occurs
c. Any request is made
d. Court suo motu decides without reason
66. Section 25 applies to maintenance fixed by:
a. Court decree only
b. Agreement only
c. Both decree and agreement
d. Government order only
67. Maintenance fixed before commencement of the Act:
a. Cannot be altered
b. Can be altered if conditions met
c. Automatically lapses
d. Needs fresh suit
68. Maintenance fixed after commencement of the Act:
a. Is final and binding
b. Cannot be changed
c. May be altered on material change
d. Requires legislative approval
69. “Material change” implies:
a. Trivial or minor variation
b. Significant change affecting entitlement or capacity
c. Only change in income of claimant
d. Only change in residence
70. Power to alter maintenance under Section 25 lies with:
a. Legislature
b. Executive
c. Court
d. Police authority
71. Agreement-based maintenance:
a. Is immutable
b. Can be altered under Section 25
c. Requires fresh contract only
d. Cannot be challenged
72. Change in circumstances must be:
a. Hypothetical
b. Speculative
c. Material and justifying alteration
d. Irrelevant
73. Section 25 ensures:
a. Rigidity in maintenance
b. Flexibility based on changing conditions
c. Elimination of maintenance
d. One-time settlement only
74. Under Section 26, priority is given to:
a. Dependants’ maintenance
b. Debts of the deceased
c. Government dues only
d. Wife’s maintenance only
75. Debts of the deceased have priority over:
a. All claims
b. Claims of dependants for maintenance
c. Claims of creditors only
d. Personal expenses
76. Section 26 is subject to:
a. Section 24
b. Section 25
c. Section 27
d. Section 28
77. “Debts of every description” means:
a. Only secured debts
b. Only unsecured debts
c. All types of debts
d. Only government debts
78. Dependants’ maintenance claims:
a. Override debts
b. Rank after debts
c. Are equal to debts
d. Are ignored
79. Section 26 applies when:
a. Person is alive
b. After death of a Hindu
c. During marriage
d. During adoption
80. Priority rule under Section 26 affects:
a. Wife only
b. Children only
c. Dependants under the Act
d. Creditors only
81. If estate is insufficient:
a. Dependants get full maintenance first
b. Debts must be paid first
c. Equal distribution occurs
d. Court ignores debts
82. Section 26 establishes:
a. Equality between debts and maintenance
b. Supremacy of maintenance
c. Supremacy of debts over maintenance claims
d. No priority rule
83. Maintenance under this Act is:
a. Absolute right over debts
b. Subordinate to debts of deceased
c. Equal to debts
d. Independent of estate
84. Under Section 27, a dependant’s maintenance claim is:
a. Always a charge on estate
b. Never a charge unless created
c. Automatically enforceable as charge
d. Only a moral obligation
85. Maintenance becomes a charge on estate when:
a. Dependants demand it
b. Court presumes it
c. Created by specified modes
d. Estate is large
86. One mode of creating charge is:
a. Oral request
b. Will of deceased
c. Police order
d. Custom alone
87. A decree of court can:
a. Reject claim only
b. Create charge for maintenance
c. Cancel debts
d. Transfer property
88. Agreement between dependant and estate owner:
a. Is irrelevant
b. Can create a charge
c. Is void
d. Needs registration always
89. In absence of specified creation:
a. Maintenance is automatically charge
b. Maintenance is not a charge
c. Court must impose charge
d. Government creates charge
90. Section 27 applies to:
a. All heirs
b. Only creditors
c. Dependants’ maintenance claims
d. Only wives
91. “Otherwise” in Section 27 implies:
a. No other method
b. Any legally valid mode of creating charge
c. Only customary law
d. Only statutory law
92. Charge on estate affects:
a. Personal liberty
b. Property rights in estate
c. Criminal liability
d. Adoption rights
93. Section 27 establishes:
a. Automatic charge
b. Conditional charge based on creation
c. No maintenance rights
d. Absolute liability of heirs
94. Under Section 28, a dependant’s right to maintenance can be enforced against:
a. Any transferee
b. Only original owner
c. Transferee with notice or gratuitous transferee
d. Government only
95. If transferee has notice of maintenance right:
a. Not liable
b. Liable to satisfy maintenance claim
c. Liable only partially
d. Liable only after suit
96. A gratuitous transferee is:
a. Always protected
b. Never liable
c. Liable for maintenance claim
d. Liable only if court orders
97. Transferee for consideration without notice:
a. Is liable
b. Is not liable
c. Is partially liable
d. Must compensate later
98. “Notice” under Section 28 refers to:
a. Public notice only
b. Knowledge of existing maintenance right
c. Newspaper publication
d. Court summons
99. Section 28 deals with:
a. Adoption
b. Marriage
c. Transfer of property and maintenance rights
d. Criminal liability
100. Maintenance right attaches to:
a. Person only
b. Estate property
c. Government property
d. Personal earnings
101. If property is transferred without consideration:
a. Transferee is protected
b. Transferee is liable
c. Transfer is void
d. Court ignores transfer
102. Bona fide purchaser without notice:
a. Is bound by maintenance claim
b. Is not bound by maintenance claim
c. Must pay half
d. Must seek court permission
103. Section 28 balances:
a. Rights of creditors only
b. Rights of dependants and transferees
c. Rights of husband and wife
d. Rights of minors only
104. Section 29 of the Act deals with:
a. Maintenance
b. Adoption
c. Repeals
d. Guardianship
105. Section 29 was repealed by:
a. Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
b. Repealing and Amending Act, 1960
c. Indian Succession Act
d. Special Marriage Act
106. The repeal of Section 29 came into effect from:
a. 01-01-1960
b. 26-11-1960
c. 15-08-1950
d. 26-01-1950
107. Section 29 currently:
a. Contains substantive provisions
b. Has no operative effect
c. Governs maintenance
d. Governs dependants
108. Section 30 deals with:
a. Adoption procedure
b. Savings clause
c. Maintenance
d. Guardianship
109. Section 30 protects:
a. Future adoptions
b. Adoptions made after commencement
c. Adoptions made before commencement
d. Void adoptions
110. Validity of pre-Act adoption is determined:
a. Under this Act
b. Under previous law as if Act not passed
c. By court discretion
d. By agreement of parties
111. Section 30 ensures:
a. Retrospective application of Act
b. Prospective nullification of old adoptions
c. Non-interference with past adoptions
d. Automatic invalidity of old adoptions
112. Pre-commencement adoptions:
a. Are void
b. Are re-evaluated under new Act
c. Remain unaffected by this Act
d. Need registration
113. Section 30 embodies principle of:
a. Retrospectivity
b. Prospectivity with savings
c. Penal liability
d. Strict liability
114. “As if this Act had not been passed” implies:
a. Act applies fully
b. Old law governs such adoptions
c. Court discretion applies
d. Custom is irrelevant
115. Section 30 applies to:
a. Only valid adoptions
b. Only void adoptions
c. All adoptions before commencement
d. Only registered adoptions
116. Savings clause prevents:
a. Future disputes
b. Retrospective disturbance of past rights
c. Court jurisdiction
d. Maintenance claims
117. Section 30 maintains:
a. Uniformity
b. Continuity of prior legal position
c. Change in law
d. New rights
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